Knowledge, Attitude, and Compliance in Taking Blood Supplement Tablets (TTD) and The Incidence of Anemia in Adolescent Girls

Yana  Listyawardhani; Muhamad Zulfikar Mansyur

doi:10.36590/jika.v8i1.1988

Authors

Yana Listyawardhani Program Studi Gizi, Universitas Siliwangi, Kota Tasikmalaya, Indonesia
Muhamad Zulfikar Mansyur Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Siliwangi, Kota Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36590/jika.v8i1.1988

Keywords:

adolescent girls, anemia, attitude, compliance, knowledge

Abstract

Anemia in adolescent girls remains a prevalent health problem and has the potential to impact the quality of future health. Anemia prevention is influenced not only by knowledge, but also by attitude and compliance in consuming iron supplement tablets (TTD). This study aimed to analyze the relationship between knowledge and attitude regarding anemia, as well as compliance with TTD consumption, and the incidence of anemia in adolescent girls. This study utilized an observational design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 86 female students at SMP Negeri 5 Tasikmalaya City, selected using the proportional stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using questionnaires, TTD consumption checklist sheets, and hemoglobin level measurements using the HemoCue 201+ device, and were analyzed bivariately using the Chi-square test. The results showed that most subjects had low knowledge (62.8%) and were non-compliant in consuming TTD (55.8%), with an anemia incidence of 48.8%. There was a significant relationship between knowledge and attitude (p = 0.024) as well as the incidence of anemia (p = 0.049). Additionally, a relationship was found between attitude and the incidence of anemia (p = 0.018), as well as between compliance with TTD consumption and the incidence of anemia (p = 0.028). It can be concluded that attitude and compliance with TTD consumption play a more direct role in the incidence of anemia compared to knowledge. Therefore, interventions need to be directed not only toward increasing knowledge, but also toward shaping the attitude and behavior of adolescents.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Yana Listyawardhani, Program Studi Gizi, Universitas Siliwangi, Kota Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

Program Studi Gizi, Universitas Siliwangi, Kota Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

https://scholar.google.com

Muhamad Zulfikar Mansyur, Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Siliwangi, Kota Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, Universitas Siliwangi, Kota Tasikmalaya, Indonesia

https://scholar.google.com

References

Abu-Baker, N.N., Eyadat, A.M., Khamaiseh, A.M., 2021. The Impact of Nutrition Education on Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Regarding Iron Deficiency Anemia Among Female Adolescent Students in Jordan. Heliyon A Cell Press Journal 7(2), 1-7. Https://Doi.Org/10.1016/J.Heliyon.2021.E06348

Andani, Y., Esmianti, F., Haryani, S, Yusniarita, Y., 2020. Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Putri terhadap Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) di SMP Negeri I Kepahiang. Jurnal Kebidanan Besurek 5(2), 55-62. https://ojs.stikessaptabakti.ac.id/jkb/article/view/174

Anggita, G.C.A., Kusumaningrum, T.A.I., 2025. Factors Associated with Compliance in Iron Tablet Consumption Among Adolescent Girls. Jurnal Kesehatan 18(3), 291–301. Https://Doi.Org/10.23917/Jk.V18i3.11048

Astuti, S.S.W., Yuliastuti, E., Tunggal, T., Kristiana, E., 2025. Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap Remaja Putri tentang Anemia dengan Kepatuhan Minum Tablet Tambah Darah di SMPN 8 Banjarmasin. Jurnal Penelitian Multidisiplin Bangsa 1(8), 1215–1223. https://ejournal.amirulbangunbangsapublishing.com/index.php/jpnmb/article/view/222

Champion, V.L., Skinner, C.S., 2008. The Health Belief Model. Health Behavior and Health Education: Theory, Research, and Practice. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco.

Diani, A.A.P., Amalia, R.B., Sudaryanti, L., Lestari, P., 2024. Knowledge and Attitude with Adherence to Fe Tablet Consumption in Anemic Adolescent Girls. Indonesian Midwifery and Health Sciences Journal 8(3), 250–259. Https://Doi.Org/10.20473/Imhsj.V8i3.2024.250-259

[Dinkes] Dinas Kesehatan., 2023. Prevalensi Anemia Remaja Putri Kota Tasikmalaya 2023. Dinas Kesehatan Kota Tasikmalaya.

Felix, N., 2021. Journal of Nutrition and Health Aging. Revista Medica De Chile 149(5): 738–746.

Green, L.W., Kreuter, M.W., 2005. Health Program Planning: An Educational and Ecological Approach. Mcgraw-Hill, New York.

Jaswadi, J., 2020. Hubungan Sikap dengan Kejadian Anemia Remaja Putri di SMAN 9 Mataram. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Pendidikan 4(3), 12-15. https://ejournal.mandalanursa.org/index.php/JISIP/article/view/1144/1077

Karyuni, S., Bungawati, A., Baculu, E.P.H., 2023. The Relationship Between Knowledge and Compliance Consuming Iron (Fe) Tablets with Incidence of Anemia in Trimester I Pregnant Women at Bulili Public Health Center. International Journal of Health, Economics, and Sosial Sciences 2(2), 108–113. https://jurnal.unismuhpalu.ac.id/index.php/IJHESS/article/view/1258

[Kemenkes] Kementerian Kesehatan., 2023. Survei Kesehatan Indonesia 2023 (SKI). Kementerian Kesehatan RI, Jakarta.

Munira, L., 2019. Knowledge and Attitude on Practice of Iron Deficiency Anemia Prevention Among High School Female Students in Banjarmasin City, Indonesia: A Mixed Method Study. [Thesis]. Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok.

Nuraina, V.F., Hidayani, W.R., 2024. Nutritional Knowledge, Nutritional Status, Compliance with Iron Supplement Tablets, and The Incidence of Anemia in Female Adolescent. Buletin Ilmu Kebidanan dan Keperawatan 3(1), 14–24. Https://Doi.Org/10.56741/Bikk.V3i01.508

Nuraina, V.F., Sulistyoningsih, H., 2023. Hubungan antara Pengetahuan Gizi, Status Gizi dan Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah (TTD) dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di SMK Al-Ishlah Singaparna Tahun 2023. Journal of Midwifery and Public Health 5(2), 64. Https://Doi.Org/10.25157/Jmph.V5i2.12714

Nurhaera, N., Utami, R.P., Saputri, R.M., 2023. Correlation Between Knowledge and Attitudes of Female Adolescents Towards Compliance with Iron Supplements. Journal of Health and Nutrition Research 2(3), 181–189. Https://Doi.Org/10.56303/Jhnresearch.V2i3.182

Nurjanah, A., Azinar, M., 2023. Adherence to Iron Supplement Tablet Consumption Among Adolescent Girls in Reproductive and Sexual Health Pilot Schools. Journal of Public Health Research and Development 7(2), 244–254. https://garuda.kemdiktisaintek.go.id/documents/detail/3436075

Prasetya, G., Khomsan, A., Riyadi, H., Anwar, F., 2022. Study Characteristics of School Adolescent Girls on Iron Folic Acid Supplementation Program As The Prevention of Anemia in Adolescent. Amerta Nutrition 6(1SP), 1-7. https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/AMNT/article/view/39819

Putri, H.Y., Djuari, L., Dwilda, E., 2023. The Relationship Between Knowledge and Compliance with Blood Added Tablets in Adolescent Women. Indonesian Midwifery And Health Sciences Journal 7(2), 122–128. Https://Doi.Org/10.20473/Imhsj.V7i2.2023.122-128

Putri, N.F., Astuti, W.K., 2023. Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap terhadap Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah pada Mahasiswa Ekstensi FKM UI. Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan Masyarakat 2(1), 271–277. Https://Doi.Org/10.55123/Sehatmas.V2i1.1397

Rusdiana, R., Zubaidah, Z., 2024. Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Kepatuhan Mengkonsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah (Fe) dalam Pencegahan Anemia pada Remaja Putri. Journal of Intan Nursing 3(1), 1-8. Https://Doi.Org/10.54004/Join.V3i1.109

Singh, M., Rajoura, O.P., Honnakamble, R.A., 2019. Prevalence of Anemia among Adolescent Schools Girls of Delhi: A Cross-Sectional School Based Study. National Journal of Community Medicine 10(4), 187-89. https://njcmindia.com/index.php/file/article/view/482/295

Siyami, A.S., Achyar, K., Kusuma, I.R., 2023. Hubungan Pengetahuan terhadap Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri. Jurnal Riset Kesehatan Masyarakat 3(2), 80–86. Https://Doi.Org/10.14710/Jrkm.2023.18844

Soindemi, C.M.A., Pusernay, Y., Pinem, O., Utama, R.P., Yanti, L.C., Argaheni, N.B., 2022. Relationship Levels of Knowledge, Attitude, Behavior, and School Support in Anemia Students. International Journal of Health and Medical Sciences 5(4), 286–293. https://sloap.org/journal/index.php/ijhms/article/view/1956

Suaib, F., Rowa, S.S., Adwiah, W., 2024. Hubungan Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Tambah Darah dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri. Media Kesehatan Politeknik Kesehatan Makassar 19(1), 71-76.

[WHO] World Health Organization., 2021. Prevalensi Anemia di Seluruh Dunia [WWW Document]. Https://Www.Who.Int/Health-Topics/Anaemia

[WHO] World Health Organization., 2023. Suplemen Zat Besi Harian pada Wanita Dewasa dan Remaja Putri. Https://Www.Who.Int/Tools/Elena/Interventions/Daily-Iron-Women.

Witari, N.P.D., Dewi, S.R., Kerans, F.F.A., Dewi, A., Kurniawati, I., Sumadewi, K.T., Evayanti, L.G., Astini, D.A.G.A.S.A., 2025. Prevalensi Kejadian Anemia pada Siswi SMP Negeri 1 Kintamani. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Indonesia 5(3), 22-28. https://researchhub.id/index.php/jikki/article/view/7411

Yollanda, P.D., Sitoayu, L., Nuzrina, R., 2026. Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri Kelas 7 SMPN 23 Tangerang. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 7(01), 15–20. https://ejurnal.esaunggul.ac.id/index.php/HealthPublica/article/view/9257/pdf