Ethanol Extract of Bajakah Wood (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) on Tyrosinase Concentration and Body Weight in Rats Induced with High-Dose D-galactose
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36590/jika.v7i3.1428Keywords:
antioxidant properties, bajakah wood, D-galactoseAbstract
The aging process is associated with the accumulation of oxidative stress that damages cellular function. D-galactose is used to induce aging-like conditions in animal models. Bajakah wood extract (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.), which is traditionally used, is known to contain bioactive compounds with antioxidant activity. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of ethanol extract from Bajakah wood (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk.) on tyrosinase concentration and body weight in rats subjected to high-dose D-galactose induction. This laboratory experimental study used 36 male Sprague Dawley rats induced with D-galactose (500 mg/kgBW). The rats were divided into six groups: normal control, negative control, positive control (vitamin C 50 mg/kgBW), and three treatment groups that received Bajakah ethanol extract at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kgBW. Body weight was monitored weekly for 8 weeks, and tyrosinase levels were analyzed at the end of the study. The negative control group showed fluctuations in body weight and the highest tyrosinase levels. Administration of Bajakah extract, particularly at a dose of 100 mg/kgBW, significantly reduced tyrosinase concentrations (p-value < 0,05) and resulted in a more stable weight gain profile compared to the negative control group. Bajakah wood ethanol extract showed an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase and improved weight stability in the D-galactose-induced rat model. These findings support the potential of this extract as a plant-based therapeutic agent for disorders related to oxidative stress and aging.
Downloads
References
Agnesia, Y., Sari, S.W., Nu’man, H., Ramadhani, D.W., Nopianto, 2023. Buku Ajar Metode Penelitian Kesehatan. Penerbit NEM, Pekalongan.
Ahmed, M., 2025. Targeting Aging Pathways with Natural Compounds: A Review of Curcumin, Epigallocatechin Gallate, Thymoquinone, and Resveratrol. Immunity & Aging 22(28), 1–18. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12979-025-00522-y
Ajayi, L., Ayeleso, A., Oyedepo, T., Mukwevho, E., 2021. Ameliorative Potential of Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract of Parquetina nigrescens on D-galactose-Induced Testicular Injury. Molecules 26(11), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113424
Ambikar, D.B., Mohanta, G.P., 2021. Neuroprotective Effect of Petroleum Ether, Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Fruits of Benincasa hispida on Lipofuscinogenesis and Fluorescence Product in Brain of D-galactose Induced Aging Accelerated Mice. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Education and Research 55(2), 528–534. https://doi.org/10.5530/ijper.55.2s.124
Bo-Htay, C., Shwe, T., Higgins, L., Palee, S., Shinlapawittayatorn, K., Chattipakorn, S.C., Chattipakorn, N., 2020. Aging Induced by D-galactose Aggravates Cardiac Dysfunction via Exacerbating Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Obese Insulin-Resistant Rats. GeroScience 42, 233–249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-019-00132-9
Cai, N., Wu, Y., Huang, Y., 2022. Induction of Accelerated Aging in a Mouse Model. Cells 11(9), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells11091418
Chen, C., Zhang, J.Q., Li, L., Guo, M., He, Y., Dong, Y., Meng, H., Yi, F., 2022. Advanced Glycation End Products in The Skin: Molecular Mechanisms, Methods of Measurement, and Inhibitory Pathways. Frontiers in Medicine 9, 1–17. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.837222
El-Far, A.H., Mohamed, H.H., Elsabagh, D.A., Mohamed, S.A., Noreldin, A.E., Al Jaouni, S.K., Alsenosy, A.A., 2022. Eugenol and Carvacrol Attenuate Brain D-galactose-Induced Aging-Related Oxidative Alterations in Rats. Environmental and Science Pollution Research 29, 47436–47447. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-18984-8
Fitriani, F., Sampepana, E., Saputra, S.H., 2020. Karakterisasi Tumbuhan Akar Bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) dari Loa Kulu Kabupaten Kutai Kartanegara. Jurnal Riset Industri 14(2), 365-376. https://www.neliti.com/id/publications/451346/karakterisasi-tumbuhan-akar-bajakah-spatholobus-littoralis-hassk-dari-loa-kulu-k#cite
Han, H., Liu, Z., Yin, J., Gao, J., He, L., Wang, C., Hou, R., He, X., Wang, G., Li, T., Yin, Y., 2021. D-galactose Induces Chronic Oxidative Stress and Alters Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets. Frontiers 12, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.634283
Homolak, J., Perhoc, A.B., Knezovic, A., Kodvanj, I., Virag, D., Barilar, J., Riederer, P., Salkovic‐Petrisic, M., 2021. Is Galactose a Hormetic Sugar? An Exploratory Study of the Rat Hippocampal Redox Regulatory Network. Molecular Nutrition and Food Research 65(21), 1–44. https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.202100400
Homolak, J., Perhoc, A.B., Knezovic, A., Osmanovic Barilar, J., Virag, D., Salkovic-Petrisic, M., 2023. Exploratory Study of Gastrointestinal Redox Biomarkers in the Presymptomatic and Symptomatic Tg2576 Mouse Model of Familial Alzheimer’s Disease: Phenotypic Correlates and Effects of Chronic Oral Galactose. ACS Chemical Neuroscience 14(22), 4013–4025. https://doi.org/10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00495
Hossain, M.R., Ansary, T.M., Komine, M., Ohtsuki, M., 2021. Diversified Stimuli-Induced Inflammatory Pathways Cause Skin Pigmentation. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22(8), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22083970
Istiqomah, I., Safitri, D., 2021. Pharmacological Activities of Spatholobus Littoralis. Jurnal Info Kesehatan 11(2), 463–469. https://jurnal.ikbis.ac.id/index.php/infokes/article/view/402
Jung, W.K., Park, S.B., Kim, H.R., Ryu, H.Y., Kim, Y.H., Kim, J., 2021. Advanced Glycation End Products Increase Salivary Gland Hypofunction in D-galactose-Induced Aging Rats and Its Prevention by Physical Exercise. Current Issues in Molecular Biology 43(3), 2059–2067. https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb43030142
Kartika, R.W., Sidharta, V.M., Djuartina, T., Timotius, K.H., Sartika, C.R., Rika, I., 2023. Pemberian Dosis Tinggi D-galactose Jangka Pendek secara Intraperitoneal untuk Menginduksi Proses Aging pada Tikus Jantan. Health and Medical Journal 5(3), 162–168. https://doi.org/10.33854/heme.v5i3.1370
Kumar, H., Bhardwaj, K., Valko, M., Alomar, S.Y., Alwasel, S.H., Cruz-Martins, N., Dhanjal, D.S., Singh, R., Kuča, K., Verma, R., Kumar, D., 2022. Antioxidative Potential of Lactobacillus sp. in Ameliorating D-galactose-Induced Aging. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 106, 4831–4843. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-022-12041-7
Liberty, I.A., 2024. Metode Penelitian Kesehatan. Penerbit NEM, Pekalongan.
Nastiti, K., Nugraha, D.F., 2022. Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Ekstrak Kayu Bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis Hask). Jurnal Surya Medica 7(2), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v7i2.3202
Nowak-Perlak, M., Olszowy, M., Wozniak, M., 2025. The Natural Defense : Anti-Aging Potential of Plant-Derived Substances and Technological Solutions Against Photoaging. International Journal of Molecular Medicine 26(16), 1–25. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms26168061
Sari, M., Nawawi, N., 2023. Hepatoprotektif Ekstrak Batang Bajakah (Spatholobus littoralis Hassk) Induksi Tetraclorida (CCL4). Jurnal Pendidikan Biology dan Sains 6(2), 492–500. https://doi.org/10.31539/bioedusains.v6i2.5895
Sianipar, R.V.R.S., Suryanegara, L., Fatriasari, W., Arung, E.T., Kusuma, I.W., Achmadi, S., Azelee, N.I.W., Hamid, Z.A.A., 2023. The Role of Selected Flavonoids from Bajakah Tampala (Spatholobus Littoralis Hassk.) Stem on Cosmetic Properties: A Review. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal 31(3), 382–400. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2023.01.006
Yamamoto, H., Shimomura, N., Oura, K., Hasegawa, Y., 2023. Nacre Extract from Pearl Oyster Shell Prevents D-galactose-Induced Brain and Skin Aging. Marine Biotechnology 25, 503–518. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10126-022-10192-2
Yang, J., Luo, J., Tian, X., Zhao, Y., Li, Y., Wu, X., 2024. Progress in Understanding Oxidative Stress, Aging, and Aging-Related Diseases. Antioxidants 13, 1–14. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13040394
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Puput Putuh Anisa, Luh Ade Lela Arika, Harliansyah, Nenden Lilis Sobarna
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
