Energi Intake and Physical Activity with the Incidence of Obesity in Adolescents
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Abstract
Obesity in adolescents is a health issue that requires attention because it can trigger various future disease risks. This study aims to analyze the relationship between energy intake and physical activity and obesity among adolescents at Ihsanul Amal Islamic Junior High School (SMP IT), within the Alabio Inpatient Health Center (Puskesmas Rawat Inap) working area. The study used a cross-sectional design, with a sample size of 142 students selected through a combination of stratified random sampling and simple random sampling. Energy intake was obtained using a 3 x 24-hour food recall method, physical activity was measured using the Physical Activity Level (PAL) value, while obesity status was determined by measuring height and weight based on BMI/A. Bivariate analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between energy intake and physical activity and obesity among adolescents using the Gamma test. The results showed that the majority of adolescents at Ihsanul Amal Islamic Junior High School had insufficient energy intake (71.8%) and light physical activity (73.2%). Bivariate analysis using the Gamma test revealed a very strong and significant negative relationship between energy intake and obesity (γ = -0.991; p <0.001), as well as a very strong negative relationship between physical activity levels and obesity (γ = -0.979; p <0.001). These findings confirm that the higher the energy intake or the lower the level of physical activity, the greater the risk of obesity in adolescents.
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