Overview of educational level, nutritional knowledge, and dietary adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36590/akg.v1i2.1896Keywords:
Diebetes Mellitus, Dietary Adherence, Educational Level, Nutrition KnowledgeAbstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease characterized by impaired insulin action, resulting in uncontrolled blood glucose levels. Dietary management, including adherence to recommended meal timing, portion size, and food choices, is a fundamental component of type 2 DM management. However, dietary adherence among patients with type 2 DM remains a major challenge in routine health care practice. This study aimed to describe the educational level, nutritional knowledge, and dietary adherence among patients with type 2 DM. This quantitative study employed a cross-sectional design. The study subjects were patients with type 2 DM receiving outpatient care at Karawang District Hospital in 2017, selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected through interviews using structured questionnaires to obtain information on subject characteristics, educational level, nutritional knowledge, and dietary adherence. The results showed that none of the subjects demonstrated adherence to the recommended dietary guidelines. These findings indicate that poor dietary adherence remains a key issue in the management of type 2 DM, regardless of patients’ educational level and nutritional knowledge. This condition highlights the need for strengthening continuous nutrition education and implementing more intensive and accessible nutrition counseling approaches. Increasing patient engagement in nutrition counseling services is expected to improve understanding and application of appropriate dietary management, thereby supporting optimal glycemic control in patients with type 2 DM.
Downloads
References
Al-Salmi, N., Cook, P., & D'Souza, M. S. (2022). Diet Adherence among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Concept Analysis. Oman medical journal, 37(2), e361. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2021.69
Alam S, Hasan MK, Neaz S, Hussain N, Hossain MF, Rahman T. 2021. Diabetes Mellitus: insights from epidemiology, biochemistry, risk factors, diagnosis, complications and comprehensive management. Diabetology. 2(2):36–50.
Bela F, Simbolon D, Kusdalinah K. (2018). Pengaruh edukasi pola makan dan senam terhadap kadar gula darah pada penderita DM tipe 2. J Kesehatan, 9(2).
Bertalina dan Purnama. (2016). Hubungan Lama Sakit, Pengetahuan, Motivasi Pasien dan Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kepatuhan Diet Pasien Diabetes Melitus. Tanjungkarang: Jurusan Gizi, Poltekkes Tanjungkarang.
Castro-Sánchez, A. E., & Ávila-Ortíz, M. N. (2013). Changing dietary habits in persons living with type 2 diabetes. Journal of nutrition education and behavior, 45(6), 761–766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2013.04.259
Escoto, K. H., Laska, M. N., Larson, N., Neumark-Sztainer, D., & Hannan, P. J. (2012). Work hours and perceived time barriers to healthful eating among young adults. American journal of health behavior, 36(6), 786–796. https://doi.org/10.5993/AJHB.36.6.6
PERKENI. 2021. Pedoman Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Indonesia. Jakarta: PB PERKENI.
Suyono, dkk. (2007). Penatalaksanaan Diabetes Melitus Terpadu sebagai Panduan Penatalaksanaan Diabetes Melitus bagi Dokter maupun Edukator. Jakarta: FKUI.
Yunir, dkk. (2015). Upaya Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2. Jakarta: Badan Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.
Vasconcelos, C., Almeida, A., Sá, C., Viana, J., Cabral, M., Ramos, E., & Mendes, R. (2020). Nutrition-related knowledge and its determinants in middle-aged and older patients with type 2 diabetes. Primary care diabetes, 14(2), 119–125. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcd.2019.06.007.
Widyanti, L. (2022). Hubungan motivasi dan pengetahuan dengan kepatuhan pelaksanaan diet pada penderita diabetes melitus di poliklinik di RSUD Leuwiliang Tahun 2021. Indonesian Scholar Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Science, 1(12), 446-452.
